Problem: A) Crowding with limited space to align the teeth. B) Triangular-shaped teeth that create an illusion of black triangles between them.

Solution: A) IPR (interproximal reduction) involves minor reshaping of the enamel (fraction of a mm) to create just enough space for proper alignment. B) Reducing the triangular shape of teeth allows their roots to come closer together, minimizing the size of black triangles.

Problem: Impacted teeth, often canines, are unable to emerge naturally through the gums, leading to misalignment and delays in treatment.

Solution: The expose and bond procedure creates a small window in the gum to locate the impacted tooth. A chain is then attached to gently bring the tooth into position, ensuring proper alignment and timely treatment progression.

Problem: Teeth may be too small, particularly lateral incisors, or may have worn down over time, affecting both function and aesthetics.

Solution: Composite build-ups, performed by your dentist, improve the size and shape of small or worn-down teeth, enhancing overall smile aesthetics and helping maintain proper bite alignment.

Problem: Severe crowding or dental protrusion, where there is not enough space in the jaw for all the teeth, leads to crowding, bite issues, and aesthetic concerns.

Solution: Extractions create space in the mouth, allowing teeth to align properly and assume a healthy position within the gums and bone. Extractions are well-studied and have shown no negative impact on airway, chewing, or profile.

Problem: Gum (periodontal) issues, such as excess tissue or gum recession, can impact the aesthetic results of orthodontic treatment as well as periodontal health.

Solution: Gingival reshaping or grafting procedures can improve the health and appearance of the gums, ensuring a more aesthetically pleasing result and preventing any potential complications during treatment.

Problem: Many people lack space for wisdom teeth, leading to impaction, periodontal irritation, cavities, or interference with bite (overbite or underbite) correction.

Solution: Wisdom tooth removal by a skilled surgeon ensures enough space for other teeth to fit correctly, avoiding gum issues and facilitating proper bite alignment.

Problem: Missing teeth, whether due to trauma, cavities, or congenital absence can affect function, smile aesthetics, and bite.

Solution: Titanium implants, with a crown attached on top, offer a long-term solution for replacing missing teeth, restoring both function and aesthetics.

Problem: Airway concerns, such as enlarged adenoids and tonsils or a narrow airway, can cause breathing difficulties, mouth breathing, and improper jaw development.

Solution: The first step may involve an examination by a medical doctor (MD), who can assess the situation and determine whether medical intervention is needed. Sometimes, an expander may be helpful.